2018 Cholesterol Guidelines: Key Topics in Primary Prevention

Purpose of Review: The 2018 American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) cholesterol guidelines are a comprehensive update providing recommendations for management of patients with high blood cholesterol based on the best available evidence. This review highlights key topics clinicians need to know for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) based on the 2018 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines. Recent Findings: The guidelines include a broad framework for risk estimation and management for primary prevention of ASCVD. Additional tools to refine risk assessment and guide management in primary prevention are outlined, including the use of risk-enhancing factors and coronary artery calcium score measurement. Summary: Lifestyle modification, appropriate risk assessment, and the use of proven pharmacologic therapies are essential for effective primary prevention as outlined in the 2018 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines.