A rare case of large true main pulmonary artery aneurysm managed surgically: A case report

Introduction & importance: Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm is defined as the localized dilation of the pulmonary artery >1.5 times the upper normal limit or pulmonary artery measuring 4 cm. Pulmonary artery aneurysm is considered as a rare disorder having an incidence of 1 in 14,000 post-mortem examinations. Case presentation: Presented below is a case of a 28 year old gentleman, who presented with exertional dyspnea and orthopnea and was diagnosed with having a pulmonary artery aneurysm of 76 cm × 56 cm × 53 cm arising from the main pulmonary artery upon Computed Tomography Scan which is a rare finding according to the available literature. Clinical discussion: Clinical manifestations of pulmonary artery aneurysm are varying and rarely occur. However the use of radiological imaging has aided in the diagnosis. No specific treatment guidelines have been mentioned yet in the literature however, medical management, surgical resection and endovascular therapy are one of the multiple options available. Conclusion: Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm presents with non-specific symptoms which makes the diagnosis very challenging for the physicians, in process, delaying the accurate management of the disease. However, pulmonary artery aneurysm must be considered as a differential diagnosis and appropriate management options, whether medical or surgical should be opted for keeping in mind the size and the complications of the disease.