Association Between Prophylactic Anti-Seizure Medication and Early Post-Traumatic Seizures: An International Observational Multicenter Study

Jian Ji; Juan D. Roa G; Shu Ling Chong; Quan Wang; Chin Seng Gan; Jane P.W. Ng; Thelma Elvira Teran Miranda; Freddy Israel Pantoja Chamorro; Lawrence Chi Ngong Chan; Qalab Abbas; Jacqueline S.M. Ong; Ivan J. Ardila; Yasser M. Kazzaz; Jesús A. Domínguez-Rojas; Hiroshi Kurosawa; Susana Beatriz Reyes Domínguez; Natalia Elizabeth Gómez Arriola; Natalia Zita Watzlawik; Adriana Yock-Corrales; Rubén Eduardo Lasso Palomino; Gabriela Aparicio; Paula Caporal; Rosa Elena de la Torre Gómez; Chunfeng Liu; Rujipat Samransamruajkit; Nattachai Anantasit; Deborah M. Turina; Marisol Fonseca Flores; Pei Chuen Lee; Francisco J. Pilar-Orive; Hongxing Dang; Yek Kee Chor; Meixiu Ming; Juan C. Jaramillo-Bustamante; Sebastián González-Dambrauskas; Jan Hau Lee; Suyun Qian

doi:10.1002/mco2.70524

Association Between Prophylactic Anti-Seizure Medication and Early Post-Traumatic Seizures: An International Observational Multicenter Study

Jian Ji
, Juan D. Roa G
, Shu Ling Chong
, Quan Wang
, Chin Seng Gan
, Jane P.W. Ng
, Thelma Elvira Teran Miranda
, Freddy Israel Pantoja Chamorro
, Lawrence Chi Ngong Chan
, Qalab Abbas
, Jacqueline S.M. Ong
, Ivan J. Ardila
, Yasser M. Kazzaz
, Jesús A. Domínguez-Rojas
, Hiroshi Kurosawa
, Susana Beatriz Reyes Domínguez
, Natalia Elizabeth Gómez Arriola
, Natalia Zita Watzlawik
, Adriana Yock-Corrales
, Rubén Eduardo Lasso Palomino

Gabriela Aparicio, Paula Caporal, Rosa Elena de la Torre Gómez, Chunfeng Liu, Rujipat Samransamruajkit, Nattachai Anantasit, Deborah M. Turina, Marisol Fonseca Flores, Pei Chuen Lee, Francisco J. Pilar-Orive, Hongxing Dang, Yek Kee Chor, Meixiu Ming, Juan C. Jaramillo-Bustamante, Sebastián González-Dambrauskas, Jan Hau Lee, Suyun Qian

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Division of Woman and Child Health, Medical College, Pakistan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Evidence for the use of prophylactic anti-seizure medication (ASM) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) in reducing the occurrence of early post-traumatic seizure (EPTS) remains equivocal. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of EPTS in children with TBI, compare clinical characteristics of those with and without EPTS, and explore the association between prophylactic ASM and EPTS. We performed an observational study among 28 pediatric intensive care units in 15 countries from January 2014 to October 2022. The rate of EPTS was compared between individuals prescribed prophylactic ASM and those who were not. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between ASM and EPTS. Among 697 children with TBI, 161 (23.1%) developed EPTS and 280 (40.2%) received prophylactic ASM treatment. Use of prophylactic ASM was associated with a lower likelihood of developing EPTS (27/280 (9.6%) vs. 134/417 (32.1%), p < 0.001). The most frequently used prophylactic ASMs were phenytoin, levetiracetam, and phenobarbital. Age ≤ 4 years and GCS ≤ 8 were associated with increased odds of developing EPTS (aOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.54–3.40, p < 0.001 and aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.18–2.74, p = 0.01). Our data provide evidence supporting the potential protective role of prophylactic ASM against EPTS.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	e70524
Journal	MedComm
Volume	6
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70524
Publication status	Published - Dec 2025

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10.1002/mco2.70524

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Ji, J., Roa G, J. D., Chong, S. L., Wang, Q., Gan, C. S., Ng, J. P. W., Miranda, T. E. T., Chamorro, F. I. P., Chan, L. C. N., Abbas, Q., Ong, J. S. M., Ardila, I. J., Kazzaz, Y. M., Domínguez-Rojas, J. A., Kurosawa, H., Domínguez, S. B. R., Arriola, N. E. G., Watzlawik, N. Z., Yock-Corrales, A., ... Qian, S. (2025). Association Between Prophylactic Anti-Seizure Medication and Early Post-Traumatic Seizures: An International Observational Multicenter Study. MedComm, 6(12), Article e70524. https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70524

@article{f4dd89da41d64be5a4c4dbeaea4992e7,

title = "Association Between Prophylactic Anti-Seizure Medication and Early Post-Traumatic Seizures: An International Observational Multicenter Study",

abstract = "Evidence for the use of prophylactic anti-seizure medication (ASM) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) in reducing the occurrence of early post-traumatic seizure (EPTS) remains equivocal. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of EPTS in children with TBI, compare clinical characteristics of those with and without EPTS, and explore the association between prophylactic ASM and EPTS. We performed an observational study among 28 pediatric intensive care units in 15 countries from January 2014 to October 2022. The rate of EPTS was compared between individuals prescribed prophylactic ASM and those who were not. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between ASM and EPTS. Among 697 children with TBI, 161 (23.1\%) developed EPTS and 280 (40.2\%) received prophylactic ASM treatment. Use of prophylactic ASM was associated with a lower likelihood of developing EPTS (27/280 (9.6\%) vs. 134/417 (32.1\%), p < 0.001). The most frequently used prophylactic ASMs were phenytoin, levetiracetam, and phenobarbital. Age ≤ 4 years and GCS ≤ 8 were associated with increased odds of developing EPTS (aOR 2.29, 95\% CI 1.54–3.40, p < 0.001 and aOR 1.80, 95\% CI 1.18–2.74, p = 0.01). Our data provide evidence supporting the potential protective role of prophylactic ASM against EPTS.",

author = "Jian Ji and \{Roa G\}, \{Juan D.\} and Chong, \{Shu Ling\} and Quan Wang and Gan, \{Chin Seng\} and Ng, \{Jane P.W.\} and Miranda, \{Thelma Elvira Teran\} and Chamorro, \{Freddy Israel Pantoja\} and Chan, \{Lawrence Chi Ngong\} and Qalab Abbas and Ong, \{Jacqueline S.M.\} and Ardila, \{Ivan J.\} and Kazzaz, \{Yasser M.\} and Dom{\'i}nguez-Rojas, \{Jes{\'u}s A.\} and Hiroshi Kurosawa and Dom{\'i}nguez, \{Susana Beatriz Reyes\} and Arriola, \{Natalia Elizabeth G{\'o}mez\} and Watzlawik, \{Natalia Zita\} and Adriana Yock-Corrales and Palomino, \{Rub{\'e}n Eduardo Lasso\} and Gabriela Aparicio and Paula Caporal and G{\'o}mez, \{Rosa Elena de la Torre\} and Chunfeng Liu and Rujipat Samransamruajkit and Nattachai Anantasit and Turina, \{Deborah M.\} and Flores, \{Marisol Fonseca\} and Lee, \{Pei Chuen\} and Pilar-Orive, \{Francisco J.\} and Hongxing Dang and Chor, \{Yek Kee\} and Meixiu Ming and Jaramillo-Bustamante, \{Juan C.\} and Sebasti{\'a}n Gonz{\'a}lez-Dambrauskas and Lee, \{Jan Hau\} and Suyun Qian",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s). MedComm published by Sichuan International Medical Exchange \& Promotion Association (SCIMEA) and John Wiley \& Sons Australia, Ltd.",

year = "2025",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1002/mco2.70524",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "6",

journal = "MedComm",

issn = "2688-2663",

publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",

number = "12",

}

Ji, J, Roa G, JD, Chong, SL, Wang, Q, Gan, CS, Ng, JPW, Miranda, TET, Chamorro, FIP, Chan, LCN, Abbas, Q, Ong, JSM, Ardila, IJ, Kazzaz, YM, Domínguez-Rojas, JA, Kurosawa, H, Domínguez, SBR, Arriola, NEG, Watzlawik, NZ, Yock-Corrales, A, Palomino, REL, Aparicio, G, Caporal, P, Gómez, REDLT, Liu, C, Samransamruajkit, R, Anantasit, N, Turina, DM, Flores, MF, Lee, PC, Pilar-Orive, FJ, Dang, H, Chor, YK, Ming, M, Jaramillo-Bustamante, JC, González-Dambrauskas, S, Lee, JH & Qian, S 2025, 'Association Between Prophylactic Anti-Seizure Medication and Early Post-Traumatic Seizures: An International Observational Multicenter Study', MedComm, vol. 6, no. 12, e70524. https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70524

TY - JOUR

T1 - Association Between Prophylactic Anti-Seizure Medication and Early Post-Traumatic Seizures

T2 - An International Observational Multicenter Study

AU - Ji, Jian

AU - Roa G, Juan D.

AU - Chong, Shu Ling

AU - Wang, Quan

AU - Gan, Chin Seng

AU - Ng, Jane P.W.

AU - Miranda, Thelma Elvira Teran

AU - Chamorro, Freddy Israel Pantoja

AU - Chan, Lawrence Chi Ngong

AU - Abbas, Qalab

AU - Ong, Jacqueline S.M.

AU - Ardila, Ivan J.

AU - Kazzaz, Yasser M.

AU - Domínguez-Rojas, Jesús A.

AU - Kurosawa, Hiroshi

AU - Domínguez, Susana Beatriz Reyes

AU - Arriola, Natalia Elizabeth Gómez

AU - Watzlawik, Natalia Zita

AU - Yock-Corrales, Adriana

AU - Palomino, Rubén Eduardo Lasso

AU - Aparicio, Gabriela

AU - Caporal, Paula

AU - Gómez, Rosa Elena de la Torre

AU - Liu, Chunfeng

AU - Samransamruajkit, Rujipat

AU - Anantasit, Nattachai

AU - Turina, Deborah M.

AU - Flores, Marisol Fonseca

AU - Lee, Pei Chuen

AU - Pilar-Orive, Francisco J.

AU - Dang, Hongxing

AU - Chor, Yek Kee

AU - Ming, Meixiu

AU - Jaramillo-Bustamante, Juan C.

AU - González-Dambrauskas, Sebastián

AU - Lee, Jan Hau

AU - Qian, Suyun

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Evidence for the use of prophylactic anti-seizure medication (ASM) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) in reducing the occurrence of early post-traumatic seizure (EPTS) remains equivocal. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of EPTS in children with TBI, compare clinical characteristics of those with and without EPTS, and explore the association between prophylactic ASM and EPTS. We performed an observational study among 28 pediatric intensive care units in 15 countries from January 2014 to October 2022. The rate of EPTS was compared between individuals prescribed prophylactic ASM and those who were not. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between ASM and EPTS. Among 697 children with TBI, 161 (23.1%) developed EPTS and 280 (40.2%) received prophylactic ASM treatment. Use of prophylactic ASM was associated with a lower likelihood of developing EPTS (27/280 (9.6%) vs. 134/417 (32.1%), p < 0.001). The most frequently used prophylactic ASMs were phenytoin, levetiracetam, and phenobarbital. Age ≤ 4 years and GCS ≤ 8 were associated with increased odds of developing EPTS (aOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.54–3.40, p < 0.001 and aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.18–2.74, p = 0.01). Our data provide evidence supporting the potential protective role of prophylactic ASM against EPTS.

AB - Evidence for the use of prophylactic anti-seizure medication (ASM) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) in reducing the occurrence of early post-traumatic seizure (EPTS) remains equivocal. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of EPTS in children with TBI, compare clinical characteristics of those with and without EPTS, and explore the association between prophylactic ASM and EPTS. We performed an observational study among 28 pediatric intensive care units in 15 countries from January 2014 to October 2022. The rate of EPTS was compared between individuals prescribed prophylactic ASM and those who were not. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between ASM and EPTS. Among 697 children with TBI, 161 (23.1%) developed EPTS and 280 (40.2%) received prophylactic ASM treatment. Use of prophylactic ASM was associated with a lower likelihood of developing EPTS (27/280 (9.6%) vs. 134/417 (32.1%), p < 0.001). The most frequently used prophylactic ASMs were phenytoin, levetiracetam, and phenobarbital. Age ≤ 4 years and GCS ≤ 8 were associated with increased odds of developing EPTS (aOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.54–3.40, p < 0.001 and aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.18–2.74, p = 0.01). Our data provide evidence supporting the potential protective role of prophylactic ASM against EPTS.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105024668697

U2 - 10.1002/mco2.70524

DO - 10.1002/mco2.70524

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105024668697

SN - 2688-2663

VL - 6

JO - MedComm

JF - MedComm

IS - 12

M1 - e70524

ER -

Association Between Prophylactic Anti-Seizure Medication and Early Post-Traumatic Seizures: An International Observational Multicenter Study

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