TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of Cardiovascular Disease and Pancreatitis
T2 - What Came First, the Chicken or the Egg?
AU - Chen, Bing
AU - Moin, Aleena
AU - Virk, Hafeez Ul Hassan
AU - Jneid, Hani
AU - Virani, Salim S.
AU - Krittanawong, Chayakrit
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/11
Y1 - 2023/11
N2 - (1) Background: Recent studies suggest an association between pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease. This article aims to review the available evidence linking cardiovascular disease with acute and chronic pancreatitis. (2) Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on the PubMed/MEDLINE database from inception to April 2022 using Medical Subject Heading and keywords related to pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease. The search was limited to English-language literature involving human subjects, and various study types, including observational studies, case–control studies, cohort studies, and clinical trials, were screened for eligibility. Following data extraction, the authors conducted a narrative synthesis of the studies. (3) Results: Longitudinal studies indicate that a history of acute pancreatitis is associated with an increased risk of acute atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and acute coronary syndrome. Elevated triglyceride levels (>2000 mg/dL) have a temporal relationship with acute pancreatitis. Cross-sectional studies have shown that acute pancreatitis is associated with cardiac injury during the acute phase. Based on longitudinal studies, chronic pancreatitis is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular diseases. However, data regarding the relationship between chronic pancreatitis and myocardial infarction are conflicting. (4) Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, having a history of acute pancreatitis appears to increase the risk of acute atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, there is insufficient evidence to conclude whether chronic pancreatitis is associated with cardiovascular disease, and no definitive studies have yielded conflicting results.
AB - (1) Background: Recent studies suggest an association between pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease. This article aims to review the available evidence linking cardiovascular disease with acute and chronic pancreatitis. (2) Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on the PubMed/MEDLINE database from inception to April 2022 using Medical Subject Heading and keywords related to pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease. The search was limited to English-language literature involving human subjects, and various study types, including observational studies, case–control studies, cohort studies, and clinical trials, were screened for eligibility. Following data extraction, the authors conducted a narrative synthesis of the studies. (3) Results: Longitudinal studies indicate that a history of acute pancreatitis is associated with an increased risk of acute atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and acute coronary syndrome. Elevated triglyceride levels (>2000 mg/dL) have a temporal relationship with acute pancreatitis. Cross-sectional studies have shown that acute pancreatitis is associated with cardiac injury during the acute phase. Based on longitudinal studies, chronic pancreatitis is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular diseases. However, data regarding the relationship between chronic pancreatitis and myocardial infarction are conflicting. (4) Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, having a history of acute pancreatitis appears to increase the risk of acute atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, there is insufficient evidence to conclude whether chronic pancreatitis is associated with cardiovascular disease, and no definitive studies have yielded conflicting results.
KW - acute pancreatitis
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - chronic pancreatitis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85178106456&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/jcm12227101
DO - 10.3390/jcm12227101
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85178106456
SN - 2077-0383
VL - 12
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine
IS - 22
M1 - 7101
ER -