Bilateral maxillary canine-first premolar transposition in permanent dentition

Transposition is a dental anomaly characterized by the exchange of position between two adjacent teeth, especially in relation to their roots, or development and eruption of a tooth in a position normally occupied by a nonadjacent tooth. Transposition of the maxillary canine and first premolar has a low prevalence in the population and it primarily affects maxillary canines and premolars. The aetiology of the transposition remains unclear, although it has been associated with genetic factors. It may also be related to a combination of localised factors such as malformation of adjacent teeth, tooth agenesis, retention of the deciduous canine and a history of local trauma. If uncorrected, the results are often both functionally and esthetically unsatisfactory. This case report presents treatment of a female patient with complete bilateral transposition of maxillary canine and premolar. The patient was treated orthodontically with non-extraction fixed mechanotherapy by simulation of maxillary first premolar as canine bilaterally.