Concurrence of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and breast cancer in a patient on neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A case report

Introduction: Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis is a rare benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Presentation of the case: We present a case of 45-year-old woman who was diagnosed with stage II invasive ductal carcinoma in the left breast. While receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, she developed idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) in the left breast after the second cycle. She underwent modified radical mastectomy and has been managed with steroids for IGM on the contralateral side, which developed later in the course of the disease. This is a unique finding with limited literature available on similar cases, to the best of our knowledge. Discussion: IGM poses a diagnostic challenge requiring histopathology for definitive diagnosis. Conclusion: Treatment guidelines of IGM are not established making it difficult to manage.