Deciphering the Role of Sirtuin-1 Gene Polymorphism in Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sirtuin-1-gene (SIRT1) plays a key role in regulating metabolic and inflammatory processes. This review is aimed at evaluating the association between SIRT1-polymorphisms and diabetic nephropathy susceptibility. Observational-cohort and case-control studies were included. Data extraction followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was done using a random-effects model, with heterogeneity and publication bias assessed using I² statistics and funnel plots. Subgroup analyses were done by ethnicity and genotyping methods. Meta-analysis showed SIRT1-polymorphisms rs7895833 (OR: 2.71, 95% CI: 2.67–2.76) and rs2273773 (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.16–1.97) to be significantly associated with increased DN risk. rs7069102 was not significantly associated (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.80–1.59). Subgroup analysis showed population-specific variations with stronger associations in Chinese and Indian populations. Sensitivity analysis maintained results′ robustness, though funnel plot analysis suggested potential publication bias. Conclusively, SIRT1 polymorphisms, particularly rs7895833 and rs2273773, are associated with DN susceptibility, confirming their potential as genetic markers for DN risk stratification.