Development of Biofortified Crops through Marker-Assisted Selection

To address the worldwide malnutrition concerns, endeavors have been made to enhance the nutritional value and productivity of crops via biofortification technologies, specifically using the marker-assisted selection (MAS) techniques. This chapter focuses on the use of MAS in the generation of biofortified crops, aiming to tackle widespread malnutrition globally. Biofortification is the process of increasing the micronutrient content of staple food crops, with the aim of improving the nutritional value of foods that are often eaten by families with low incomes in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Traditional breeding techniques have been the cornerstone of crop improvement, but they have constraints in obtaining the necessary yield within a certain period. MAS aids scientists in selectively targeting certain features at the molecular level. This technique has resulted in precise breeding methods and has expedited the creation of biofortified crops. The importance of biofortified crops goes beyond simple agricultural innovation. MAS provides a durable solution to malnutrition, especially in areas with little dietary variety, by enhancing staple foods with micronutrients including iron, zinc, and vitamin A. In addition, biofortification provides farmers with robust, high-yielding crops, guaranteeing a more secure food supply for future generations. This book demonstrates the practical consequences of using MAS in the creation of biofortified crops via real-life examples and scientific facts. This technique has the capacity to tackle micronutrient shortages, enhance crop yields, and strengthen the adaptability of agricultural systems against climatic stresses. Furthermore, the flexibility of MAS to scale allows for its seamless incorporation into current breeding initiatives, promoting cooperation among scholars, cultivators, and legislators. To fully harness the capabilities of MAS in the creation of biofortified crops, it is necessary to make collaborative efforts to improve research infrastructure, promote capacity building, and effectively share information. It is essential to embrace multidisciplinary cooperation and promote inclusive stakeholder involvement in order to effectively address the complex problems of scaling up biofortification initiatives. Furthermore, strategic investments in breeding programs specifically designed for local agroecological circumstances might optimize the acceptance and effectiveness of biofortified crops in various agricultural communities.