TY - JOUR
T1 - Exposure of pregnant women to indoor air pollution
T2 - a study from nine low and middle income countries.
AU - Kadir, Muhammad Masood
AU - McClure, Elizabeth M.
AU - Goudar, Shivaprasad S.
AU - Garces, Ana L.
AU - Moore, Janet
AU - Onyamboko, Marie
AU - Kaseba, Christine
AU - Althabe, Fernando
AU - Castilla, Eduardo E.
AU - Freire, Salvio
AU - Parida, Sailajanandan
AU - Saleem, Sarah
AU - Wright, Linda L.
AU - Goldenberg, Robert L.
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - OBJECTIVE: We studied exposure to solid fuel and second-hand tobacco smoke among pregnant women in south Asia, Africa and Latin America. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Antenatal clinics in Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Guatemala, Uruguay, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, India and Pakistan. SAMPLE: A total of 7,961 pregnant women in ten sites in nine countries were interviewed between October 2004 and September 2005. METHODS: A standardized questionnaire on exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) and second-hand smoke was administered to pregnant women during antenatal care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Exposure to IAP and second-hand tobacco smoke. RESULTS: South Asian pregnant women commonly reported use of wood (49.1-89.7%), crop residue and animal dung as cooking and heating fuel. African pregnant women reported higher use of charcoal (85.4-93.5%). Latin American pregnant women had greater use of petroleum gas. Among south Asian women, solid fuel use and cooking on an open flame inside the home were common. There was a significant association between solid fuel use and allowing smoking within the home at the Asian sites and in Zambia (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant women from low/middle income countries were commonly exposed to IAP secondary to use of solid fuels. Among these populations, exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke was also common. This combination of exposures likely increases the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes among the most vulnerable women. Our study highlights the importance of further research on the combined impact of IAP and second-hand tobacco smoke exposures on adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
AB - OBJECTIVE: We studied exposure to solid fuel and second-hand tobacco smoke among pregnant women in south Asia, Africa and Latin America. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Antenatal clinics in Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Guatemala, Uruguay, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, India and Pakistan. SAMPLE: A total of 7,961 pregnant women in ten sites in nine countries were interviewed between October 2004 and September 2005. METHODS: A standardized questionnaire on exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) and second-hand smoke was administered to pregnant women during antenatal care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Exposure to IAP and second-hand tobacco smoke. RESULTS: South Asian pregnant women commonly reported use of wood (49.1-89.7%), crop residue and animal dung as cooking and heating fuel. African pregnant women reported higher use of charcoal (85.4-93.5%). Latin American pregnant women had greater use of petroleum gas. Among south Asian women, solid fuel use and cooking on an open flame inside the home were common. There was a significant association between solid fuel use and allowing smoking within the home at the Asian sites and in Zambia (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant women from low/middle income countries were commonly exposed to IAP secondary to use of solid fuels. Among these populations, exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke was also common. This combination of exposures likely increases the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes among the most vulnerable women. Our study highlights the importance of further research on the combined impact of IAP and second-hand tobacco smoke exposures on adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77951886191&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/00016340903473566
DO - 10.3109/00016340903473566
M3 - Article
C2 - 19961275
AN - SCOPUS:77951886191
SN - 0001-6349
VL - 89
SP - 540
EP - 548
JO - Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
JF - Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
IS - 4
ER -