TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of morphology, crystallinity, thermal stability, piezoelectricity and conductivity of PVDF nanocomposites reinforced with epoxy functionalized MWCNTs
AU - Begum, Saddiqa
AU - Ullah, Hameed
AU - Ahmed, Irfan
AU - Zhan, Yiqiang
AU - Kausar, Ayesha
AU - Aleem, Muhammad Adeel
AU - Ahmad, Saeed
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/7/28
Y1 - 2021/7/28
N2 - In order to improve the dispersion state of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and to get a synergistic effect when incorporated in polyvinylidene flouride (PVDF) matrix, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were oxidized and then grafted with di-glycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) by a linker moiety, hexamethylene diamine (HMD). Modified MWCNTs (HD-MWCNTs) with various concentrations of 1.0 wt% to 10 wt% were incorporated in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix for the fabrication of polymeric nanocomposites (PVDF/HD-MWCNTs). Compared to pristine MWCNTs (P-MWCNTs), the structural and thermal analysis of both modified MWCNTs showed a well crystalline structure with a uniform tubular morphology as well as uniform and improved dispersion was achieved in their nanocomposites with PVDF. Enhanced dispersion is attributed to a strong interfacial interaction of the modified MWCNTs with polymer chains of PVDF. Therefore, by thermal analysis of PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposites both melting temperature (Tm) and temperature of crystallization (Tc) have revealed the uniform distribution of nanotubes and enhancement of heterogeneous nucleating effect leading to formation of β-phase which is in complete agreement with SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and d33 value. Piezoelectric and electrical conductivity values measured for PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposites were observed to rise with increase in concentration of HD-MWCNTs up to 5 wt% where the percolation threshold (fc) is attained. PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposite with highest electrical conductivity of 1.13 x 10−3 Scm−1 at filler loading of 5 wt% was successfully achieved. These simultaneous improvement in properties anticipate that PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposites can be useful for variety of energy applications.
AB - In order to improve the dispersion state of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and to get a synergistic effect when incorporated in polyvinylidene flouride (PVDF) matrix, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were oxidized and then grafted with di-glycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) by a linker moiety, hexamethylene diamine (HMD). Modified MWCNTs (HD-MWCNTs) with various concentrations of 1.0 wt% to 10 wt% were incorporated in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix for the fabrication of polymeric nanocomposites (PVDF/HD-MWCNTs). Compared to pristine MWCNTs (P-MWCNTs), the structural and thermal analysis of both modified MWCNTs showed a well crystalline structure with a uniform tubular morphology as well as uniform and improved dispersion was achieved in their nanocomposites with PVDF. Enhanced dispersion is attributed to a strong interfacial interaction of the modified MWCNTs with polymer chains of PVDF. Therefore, by thermal analysis of PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposites both melting temperature (Tm) and temperature of crystallization (Tc) have revealed the uniform distribution of nanotubes and enhancement of heterogeneous nucleating effect leading to formation of β-phase which is in complete agreement with SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and d33 value. Piezoelectric and electrical conductivity values measured for PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposites were observed to rise with increase in concentration of HD-MWCNTs up to 5 wt% where the percolation threshold (fc) is attained. PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposite with highest electrical conductivity of 1.13 x 10−3 Scm−1 at filler loading of 5 wt% was successfully achieved. These simultaneous improvement in properties anticipate that PVDF/HD-MWCNTs nanocomposites can be useful for variety of energy applications.
KW - Functionalized carbon nanotubes
KW - Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)
KW - Nanocomposite
KW - PVDF
KW - Thermal and electrical properties
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85106362975&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.108841
DO - 10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.108841
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85106362975
SN - 0266-3538
VL - 211
JO - Composites Science and Technology
JF - Composites Science and Technology
M1 - 108841
ER -