Patient-resident physician communication – a qualitative study to assess the current state, challenges and possible solutions

Noreen Afzal, Asma Altaf Hussain Merchant, Namra Qadeer Shaikh, Ali Aahil Noorali, Rida Ahmad, Shahnoor Ahmed, Adnan Ali Khan, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Komal Abdul Rahim, Saad Bin Zafar Mahmood, Maryam Pyar Ali Lakhdir, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Muhammad Tariq, Adil H. Haider

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Patients perceive effective patient-doctor communication as an important metric when evaluating their satisfaction with health systems. Hence, optimal patient-physician communication is fundamental for quality healthcare. High-income countries (HICs) have extensively studied patient-resident communication. However, there is a dearth of similar studies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we aimed to explore the current state of and barriers to practicing good patient-resident communication and explore possible solutions to mitigate these challenges at one of the largest Academic Medical Centers in an LMIC. Methods: This study employed an exploratory qualitative study design and was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Pakistan. Through purposive maximum variation sampling, 60 healthcare workers from diverse cohorts, including attendings, fellows, residents, and medical students, participated in eight focus group discussions. Results: We identified three key themes from the data: Status-quo of residents’ communication skills and learning (Poor verbal and non-verbal communication, inadequate training programs, and variable sources of learning), Barriers to effective communication (Institutional barriers such as lack of designated counselling spaces, lack of resident insight regarding effective communication and deficits in intra-team communication), and the need for developing a communication skills curriculum (Design, implementation and scaling to other cohorts of healthcare workers). Conclusions: Findings from this study show that multifaceted factors are responsible for inadequate patient resident-physician communication, highlighting the need for and importance of developing a formal communication skills training curriculum for residents. These insights can be used to create standardized training for equipping residents with adequate skills for effectively communicating with patients which can improve healthcare service delivery and patient outcomes.

Original languageEnglish
Article number917
JournalBMC Health Services Research
Volume24
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2024

Keywords

  • Communication skills curricula
  • Core competency
  • Patient-physician communication
  • Postgraduate medical education
  • Resident education

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