TY - JOUR
T1 - Pneumococcal Carriage in Infants Post-PCV10 Introduction in Pakistan
T2 - Results from Serial Cross-Sectional Surveys
AU - Shahid, Shahira
AU - Khan, Amala
AU - Nisar, Muhammad Imran
AU - Khalid, Farah
AU - Qazi, Muhammad Farrukh
AU - Ahmed, Sheraz
AU - Kabir, Furqan
AU - Hotwani, Aneeta
AU - Muneer, Sahrish
AU - Ali, Syed Asad
AU - Whitney, Cynthia G.
AU - Zaidi, Anita K.M.
AU - Jehan, Fyezah
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/6
Y1 - 2022/6
N2 - The 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine was introduced in Pakistan’s Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 2013 as a 3 + 0 schedule without catchup. We conducted three annual cross-sectional surveys from 2014–2016 to measure vaccine-type (VT) carriage in infants from a rural part of Pakistan. Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected by random sampling of infants from two union councils of Matiari. Samples were then transported to the Infectious Disease Research Laboratory (IDRL) at the Aga Khan University within 6–8 h of collection. Serotypes were established using sequential multiplex PCR. Of the 665 children enrolled across three surveys, 547 were culturepositive for pneumococcus. VT carriage decreased from 21.8% in 2014 to 12.7% in 2016 (p-value for trend <0.001). Those who were not vaccinated or partially vaccinated were found to be at higher risk of carrying a VT serotype ((aOR 2.53, 95% CI 1.39, 4.63 for non-vaccinated) and (aOR 3.35, 95% CI 1.82, 6.16 for partially vaccinated)). On the other hand, being enrolled in the most recent survey was negatively associated with VT carriage (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28, 0.93). We found that PCV10 was effective in decreasing the carriage of vaccine-type serotypes in Pakistani infants.
AB - The 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine was introduced in Pakistan’s Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 2013 as a 3 + 0 schedule without catchup. We conducted three annual cross-sectional surveys from 2014–2016 to measure vaccine-type (VT) carriage in infants from a rural part of Pakistan. Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected by random sampling of infants from two union councils of Matiari. Samples were then transported to the Infectious Disease Research Laboratory (IDRL) at the Aga Khan University within 6–8 h of collection. Serotypes were established using sequential multiplex PCR. Of the 665 children enrolled across three surveys, 547 were culturepositive for pneumococcus. VT carriage decreased from 21.8% in 2014 to 12.7% in 2016 (p-value for trend <0.001). Those who were not vaccinated or partially vaccinated were found to be at higher risk of carrying a VT serotype ((aOR 2.53, 95% CI 1.39, 4.63 for non-vaccinated) and (aOR 3.35, 95% CI 1.82, 6.16 for partially vaccinated)). On the other hand, being enrolled in the most recent survey was negatively associated with VT carriage (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28, 0.93). We found that PCV10 was effective in decreasing the carriage of vaccine-type serotypes in Pakistani infants.
KW - 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
KW - Pakistan
KW - streptococcus pneumoniae
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132781276&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/vaccines10060971
DO - 10.3390/vaccines10060971
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85132781276
SN - 2076-393X
VL - 10
JO - Vaccines
JF - Vaccines
IS - 6
M1 - 971
ER -
