TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychosocial and mental health challenges faced by emerging adults living with HIV and support systems aiding their positive coping
T2 - a qualitative study from the Kenyan coast
AU - Nyongesa, Moses K.
AU - Nasambu, Carophine
AU - Mapenzi, Rachael
AU - Koot, Hans M.
AU - Cuijpers, Pim
AU - Newton, Charles R.J.C.
AU - Abubakar, Amina
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by funding from the Wellcome Trust International Master’s Fellowship to Moses K. Nyongesa (Grant number 201310/Z/16/Z). Moses K. Nyongesa is also supported by the DELTAS Africa Initiative [DEL-15-003]. The DELTAS Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS)‘s Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency) with funding from the Wellcome Trust [107769/Z/10/Z] and the UK government. Amina Abubakar is supported by funding from the Medical Research Council (Grant number MR/M025454/1). This award is jointly funded by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under MRC/DFID concordant agreement and is also part of the EDCTP2 program supported by the European Union. The funders did not have a role in the design and conduct of the study; the analysis and interpretation of data; the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to submit it for publication. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of AAS, NEPAD Agency, Wellcome Trust or the UK government.
Funding Information:
We would like to thank all the participants for devoting time to participate in this study, voluntarily. We thank the staff at the HIV specialized clinic, Kilifi County Hospital, for their support during data collection period. We acknowledge permission from the Director of Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) to publish this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, there is little data on the challenges faced by young people living with HIV transitioning into adult life. Adapting the socio-ecological framework, this qualitative study investigated the challenges faced by emerging adults living with HIV from a rural Kenyan setting. Additionally, the study explored support systems that aid positive coping among these young adults. Methods: In April 2018, in-depth interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 22 young adults living with HIV (12 females), 18–24 years old, from rural Kilifi, coast of Kenya. Data were analyzed thematically using NVIVO 11 software. Results: Young adults living with HIV from this setting face various challenges at different levels of the social ecosystem. At the individual level, key challenges they reported included acceptance of HIV positive status, antiretroviral adherence, economic burden associated with access to healthcare, building an intimate relationship, mental health problems, and HIV status disclosure. At the family level, death of parents, poverty, and being unaccepted were the commonly mentioned challenges. At the community level, socialization difficulties and long waiting time at the HIV clinic were highlighted. HIV stigma and discrimination were frequently reported across the different levels. Economic independence, social support (from families, friends, organizations, healthcare providers and peer meetings), and reliance on spirituality aided positive coping among these young adults amidst the challenges of living with HIV. Conclusions: In this rural setting, emerging adults living with HIV face various challenges at the individual, family, and community level, some of which are cross-cutting. Our findings underscore the need for designing multi-level youth-friendly interventions that can address modifiable challenges encountered by emerging adults living with HIV in this and similar settings. Such interventions should incorporate appropriate context-specific support structures that may help these young people smoothly transit into adult life.
AB - Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, there is little data on the challenges faced by young people living with HIV transitioning into adult life. Adapting the socio-ecological framework, this qualitative study investigated the challenges faced by emerging adults living with HIV from a rural Kenyan setting. Additionally, the study explored support systems that aid positive coping among these young adults. Methods: In April 2018, in-depth interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 22 young adults living with HIV (12 females), 18–24 years old, from rural Kilifi, coast of Kenya. Data were analyzed thematically using NVIVO 11 software. Results: Young adults living with HIV from this setting face various challenges at different levels of the social ecosystem. At the individual level, key challenges they reported included acceptance of HIV positive status, antiretroviral adherence, economic burden associated with access to healthcare, building an intimate relationship, mental health problems, and HIV status disclosure. At the family level, death of parents, poverty, and being unaccepted were the commonly mentioned challenges. At the community level, socialization difficulties and long waiting time at the HIV clinic were highlighted. HIV stigma and discrimination were frequently reported across the different levels. Economic independence, social support (from families, friends, organizations, healthcare providers and peer meetings), and reliance on spirituality aided positive coping among these young adults amidst the challenges of living with HIV. Conclusions: In this rural setting, emerging adults living with HIV face various challenges at the individual, family, and community level, some of which are cross-cutting. Our findings underscore the need for designing multi-level youth-friendly interventions that can address modifiable challenges encountered by emerging adults living with HIV in this and similar settings. Such interventions should incorporate appropriate context-specific support structures that may help these young people smoothly transit into adult life.
KW - HIV infections
KW - In-depth interviews
KW - Kenya
KW - Mental health
KW - Psychosocial issues
KW - Young people
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122950644&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12889-021-12440-x
DO - 10.1186/s12889-021-12440-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 35022012
AN - SCOPUS:85122950644
SN - 1472-698X
VL - 22
JO - BMC Public Health
JF - BMC Public Health
IS - 1
M1 - 76
ER -