Reasons for failure to quit: A cross-sectional survey of tobacco use in major cities in Pakistan

M. Irfan; A. S. Haque; H. Shahzad; Z. A. Samani; S. Awan; J. A. Khan

doi:10.5588/ijtld.15.0271

Reasons for failure to quit: A cross-sectional survey of tobacco use in major cities in Pakistan

M. Irfan, A. S. Haque, H. Shahzad, Z. A. Samani, S. Awan, J. A. Khan

Department of Medicine, Medical College, Pakistan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Tobacco dependence has been defined as a chronic relapsing disease. Around 5 million annual tobacco-related deaths have been reported worldwide. The majority of smokers want to quit but are not successful. OBJ E CTIVE S: To screen our population for tobacco use, gauge the baseline demographics of tobacco users and assess factors associated with failed attempts to quit. METHODS: Free health camps supervised by a physician were held across two major cities of Pakistan. All consenting participants were administered a questionnaire and had their exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels measured. RESULT S: Of 12 969 participants successfully enrolled, the mean age was 31.4 ± 10.0 years. More than three quarters were aged 20-40 years (n = 10 168, 78.4%). The overall average CO level was 12.0 ± 8.0 ppm. The majority of the participants wanted to quit, and nearly everyone had received advice about quitting. The majority had tried smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Friends/peer pressure (n=1554, 12%), anxiety (n=681, 5.3%), tobacco dependence (n = 1965, 15.2%) and stress/mood changes (n = 390, 3.0%) were the most widely observed reasons for failure to quit in study participants. CONCLUS ION: The information provided by this study can guide the development of more targeted intervention programmes for smokers who wish to quit.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	673-678
Number of pages	6
Journal	International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Volume	20
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.15.0271
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2016

Keywords

Failure to quit
Smokeless tobacco
Smoking cessation
Smoking prevalence
Tobacco cessation

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.5588/ijtld.15.0271

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title = "Reasons for failure to quit: A cross-sectional survey of tobacco use in major cities in Pakistan",

abstract = "Background: Tobacco dependence has been defined as a chronic relapsing disease. Around 5 million annual tobacco-related deaths have been reported worldwide. The majority of smokers want to quit but are not successful. OBJ E CTIVE S: To screen our population for tobacco use, gauge the baseline demographics of tobacco users and assess factors associated with failed attempts to quit. METHODS: Free health camps supervised by a physician were held across two major cities of Pakistan. All consenting participants were administered a questionnaire and had their exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels measured. RESULT S: Of 12 969 participants successfully enrolled, the mean age was 31.4 ± 10.0 years. More than three quarters were aged 20-40 years (n = 10 168, 78.4%). The overall average CO level was 12.0 ± 8.0 ppm. The majority of the participants wanted to quit, and nearly everyone had received advice about quitting. The majority had tried smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Friends/peer pressure (n=1554, 12%), anxiety (n=681, 5.3%), tobacco dependence (n = 1965, 15.2%) and stress/mood changes (n = 390, 3.0%) were the most widely observed reasons for failure to quit in study participants. CONCLUS ION: The information provided by this study can guide the development of more targeted intervention programmes for smokers who wish to quit.",

keywords = "Failure to quit, Smokeless tobacco, Smoking cessation, Smoking prevalence, Tobacco cessation",

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AU - Haque, A. S.

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AB - Background: Tobacco dependence has been defined as a chronic relapsing disease. Around 5 million annual tobacco-related deaths have been reported worldwide. The majority of smokers want to quit but are not successful. OBJ E CTIVE S: To screen our population for tobacco use, gauge the baseline demographics of tobacco users and assess factors associated with failed attempts to quit. METHODS: Free health camps supervised by a physician were held across two major cities of Pakistan. All consenting participants were administered a questionnaire and had their exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels measured. RESULT S: Of 12 969 participants successfully enrolled, the mean age was 31.4 ± 10.0 years. More than three quarters were aged 20-40 years (n = 10 168, 78.4%). The overall average CO level was 12.0 ± 8.0 ppm. The majority of the participants wanted to quit, and nearly everyone had received advice about quitting. The majority had tried smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Friends/peer pressure (n=1554, 12%), anxiety (n=681, 5.3%), tobacco dependence (n = 1965, 15.2%) and stress/mood changes (n = 390, 3.0%) were the most widely observed reasons for failure to quit in study participants. CONCLUS ION: The information provided by this study can guide the development of more targeted intervention programmes for smokers who wish to quit.

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Reasons for failure to quit: A cross-sectional survey of tobacco use in major cities in Pakistan

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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