Seroprevalence of anti-polio antibodies in children from polio high risk area of Afghanistan: A cross sectional survey 2017

Imtiaz Hussain; Ondrej Mach; Nasir A. Hamid; Zaid S. Bhatti; Deborah D. Moore; M. Steven Oberste; Shahid Khan; Hasan Khan; William C. Weldon; Roland W. Sutter; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Sajid B. Soofi

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.055

Seroprevalence of anti-polio antibodies in children from polio high risk area of Afghanistan: A cross sectional survey 2017

Imtiaz Hussain, Ondrej Mach, Nasir A. Hamid, Zaid S. Bhatti, Deborah D. Moore, M. Steven Oberste, Shahid Khan, Hasan Khan, William C. Weldon, Roland W. Sutter, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Sajid B. Soofi

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Abstract

Background: Afghanistan is one of the remaining wild-poliovirus (WPV) endemic countries. We conducted a seroprevalence survey of anti-poliovirus antibodies in Kandahar Province. Methods: Children in two age groups (6–11 months and 36–48 months) visiting Mirwais hospital in Kandahar for minor ailments unrelated to polio were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, we collected venous blood and conducted neutralization assay to detect poliovirus neutralizing antibodies. Results: A total of 420 children were enrolled and 409/420 (97%) were analysed. Seroprevalence to poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was 97% and 100% in the younger and older age groups respectively; it was 71% and 91% for PV2; 93% and 98% for PV3. Age group (RR = 3.6, CI 95% = 2.2–5.6) and place of residence outside of Kandahar city (RR = 1.8, CI 95% = 1.2–2.6) were found to be significant risk factors for seronegativity. Conclusions: The polio eradication program in Kandahar achieved high serological protection, especially against PV1 and PV3. Lower PV2 seroprevalence in the younger age group is a result of a withdrawal of live type 2 vaccine in 2016 and is expected. Ability to reach all children with poliovirus vaccines is a pre-requisite for achieving poliovirus eradication.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1921-1924
Number of pages	4
Journal	Vaccine
Volume	36
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.055
Publication status	Published - 5 Apr 2018

Keywords

Eradication
Polio
Seroprevalence
Titre

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.055

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@article{035b7f30096f472ab9586377c8eb2c58,

title = "Seroprevalence of anti-polio antibodies in children from polio high risk area of Afghanistan: A cross sectional survey 2017",

abstract = "Background: Afghanistan is one of the remaining wild-poliovirus (WPV) endemic countries. We conducted a seroprevalence survey of anti-poliovirus antibodies in Kandahar Province. Methods: Children in two age groups (6–11 months and 36–48 months) visiting Mirwais hospital in Kandahar for minor ailments unrelated to polio were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, we collected venous blood and conducted neutralization assay to detect poliovirus neutralizing antibodies. Results: A total of 420 children were enrolled and 409/420 (97%) were analysed. Seroprevalence to poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was 97% and 100% in the younger and older age groups respectively; it was 71% and 91% for PV2; 93% and 98% for PV3. Age group (RR = 3.6, CI 95% = 2.2–5.6) and place of residence outside of Kandahar city (RR = 1.8, CI 95% = 1.2–2.6) were found to be significant risk factors for seronegativity. Conclusions: The polio eradication program in Kandahar achieved high serological protection, especially against PV1 and PV3. Lower PV2 seroprevalence in the younger age group is a result of a withdrawal of live type 2 vaccine in 2016 and is expected. Ability to reach all children with poliovirus vaccines is a pre-requisite for achieving poliovirus eradication.",

keywords = "Eradication, Polio, Seroprevalence, Titre",

author = "Imtiaz Hussain and Ondrej Mach and Hamid, {Nasir A.} and Bhatti, {Zaid S.} and Moore, {Deborah D.} and Oberste, {M. Steven} and Shahid Khan and Hasan Khan and Weldon, {William C.} and Sutter, {Roland W.} and Bhutta, {Zulfiqar A.} and Soofi, {Sajid B.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s)",

year = "2018",

month = apr,

day = "5",

doi = "10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.055",

language = "English",

volume = "36",

pages = "1921--1924",

journal = "Vaccine",

issn = "0264-410X",

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number = "15",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Seroprevalence of anti-polio antibodies in children from polio high risk area of Afghanistan

T2 - A cross sectional survey 2017

AU - Hussain, Imtiaz

AU - Mach, Ondrej

AU - Hamid, Nasir A.

AU - Bhatti, Zaid S.

AU - Moore, Deborah D.

AU - Oberste, M. Steven

AU - Khan, Shahid

AU - Khan, Hasan

AU - Weldon, William C.

AU - Sutter, Roland W.

AU - Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.

AU - Soofi, Sajid B.

PY - 2018/4/5

Y1 - 2018/4/5

N2 - Background: Afghanistan is one of the remaining wild-poliovirus (WPV) endemic countries. We conducted a seroprevalence survey of anti-poliovirus antibodies in Kandahar Province. Methods: Children in two age groups (6–11 months and 36–48 months) visiting Mirwais hospital in Kandahar for minor ailments unrelated to polio were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, we collected venous blood and conducted neutralization assay to detect poliovirus neutralizing antibodies. Results: A total of 420 children were enrolled and 409/420 (97%) were analysed. Seroprevalence to poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was 97% and 100% in the younger and older age groups respectively; it was 71% and 91% for PV2; 93% and 98% for PV3. Age group (RR = 3.6, CI 95% = 2.2–5.6) and place of residence outside of Kandahar city (RR = 1.8, CI 95% = 1.2–2.6) were found to be significant risk factors for seronegativity. Conclusions: The polio eradication program in Kandahar achieved high serological protection, especially against PV1 and PV3. Lower PV2 seroprevalence in the younger age group is a result of a withdrawal of live type 2 vaccine in 2016 and is expected. Ability to reach all children with poliovirus vaccines is a pre-requisite for achieving poliovirus eradication.

AB - Background: Afghanistan is one of the remaining wild-poliovirus (WPV) endemic countries. We conducted a seroprevalence survey of anti-poliovirus antibodies in Kandahar Province. Methods: Children in two age groups (6–11 months and 36–48 months) visiting Mirwais hospital in Kandahar for minor ailments unrelated to polio were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, we collected venous blood and conducted neutralization assay to detect poliovirus neutralizing antibodies. Results: A total of 420 children were enrolled and 409/420 (97%) were analysed. Seroprevalence to poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was 97% and 100% in the younger and older age groups respectively; it was 71% and 91% for PV2; 93% and 98% for PV3. Age group (RR = 3.6, CI 95% = 2.2–5.6) and place of residence outside of Kandahar city (RR = 1.8, CI 95% = 1.2–2.6) were found to be significant risk factors for seronegativity. Conclusions: The polio eradication program in Kandahar achieved high serological protection, especially against PV1 and PV3. Lower PV2 seroprevalence in the younger age group is a result of a withdrawal of live type 2 vaccine in 2016 and is expected. Ability to reach all children with poliovirus vaccines is a pre-requisite for achieving poliovirus eradication.

KW - Eradication

KW - Polio

KW - Seroprevalence

KW - Titre

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U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.055

DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.055

M3 - Article

C2 - 29510918

AN - SCOPUS:85042673564

SN - 0264-410X

VL - 36

SP - 1921

EP - 1924

JO - Vaccine

JF - Vaccine

IS - 15

ER -

Seroprevalence of anti-polio antibodies in children from polio high risk area of Afghanistan: A cross sectional survey 2017

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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