TY - JOUR
T1 - The emergence of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis
T2 - a review of cases from 18 countries
AU - ECMM and ISHAM collaborators
AU - Hoenigl, Martin
AU - Seidel, Danila
AU - Carvalho, Agostinho
AU - Rudramurthy, Shivaprakash M.
AU - Arastehfar, Amir
AU - Gangneux, Jean Pierre
AU - Nasir, Nosheen
AU - Bonifaz, Alexandro
AU - Araiza, Javier
AU - Klimko, Nikolai
AU - Serris, Alexandra
AU - Lagrou, Katrien
AU - Meis, Jacques F.
AU - Cornely, Oliver A.
AU - Perfect, John R.
AU - White, P. Lewis
AU - Chakrabarti, Arunaloke
N1 - Funding Information:
MH received funding from Astellas for two investigator-initiated studies (ISR005824 and ISR005838), and was supported by the US National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001442). ACa was supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDB/50026/2020 and UIDP/50026/2020), the Northern Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039), the EU's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (847507), and the la Caixa Foundation (100010434) and Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (LCF/PR/HR17/52190003). We thank Lidiya Didenko, Mahboobeh Karimi-Galougahi, Nariman Khan, Ricardo Rabagliati, Hülya Sungurtekin, Amirreza Veisi, and Salomon Waizel-Haiat for providing additional information on their published cases.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
PY - 2022/7
Y1 - 2022/7
N2 - Reports of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis have been increasing in frequency since early 2021, particularly among patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Patients with diabetes and hyperglycaemia often have an inflammatory state that could be potentiated by the activation of antiviral immunity to SARS-CoV2, which might favour secondary infections. In this Review, we analysed 80 published and unpublished cases of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis. Uncontrolled diabetes, as well as systemic corticosteroid treatment, were present in most patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, and rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis was the most frequent disease. Mortality was high at 49%, which was particularly due to patients with pulmonary or disseminated mucormycosis or cerebral involvement. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of patients who survived had life-changing morbidities (eg, loss of vision in 46% of survivors). Our Review indicates that COVID-19-associated mucormycosis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis is particularly challenging, and might be frequently missed in India.
AB - Reports of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis have been increasing in frequency since early 2021, particularly among patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Patients with diabetes and hyperglycaemia often have an inflammatory state that could be potentiated by the activation of antiviral immunity to SARS-CoV2, which might favour secondary infections. In this Review, we analysed 80 published and unpublished cases of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis. Uncontrolled diabetes, as well as systemic corticosteroid treatment, were present in most patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, and rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis was the most frequent disease. Mortality was high at 49%, which was particularly due to patients with pulmonary or disseminated mucormycosis or cerebral involvement. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of patients who survived had life-changing morbidities (eg, loss of vision in 46% of survivors). Our Review indicates that COVID-19-associated mucormycosis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis is particularly challenging, and might be frequently missed in India.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128695323&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00237-8
DO - 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00237-8
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85128695323
SN - 2666-5247
VL - 3
SP - e543-e552
JO - The Lancet Microbe
JF - The Lancet Microbe
IS - 7
ER -
