TY - JOUR
T1 - The Karachi intracranial stenosis study (KISS) Protocol
T2 - An urban multicenter case-control investigation reporting the clinical, radiologic and biochemical associations of intracranial stenosis in Pakistan
AU - Kamal, Ayeesha Kamran
AU - Taj, Fawad
AU - Junaidi, Babar
AU - Rasheed, Asif
AU - Zaidi, Moazzam
AU - Murtaza, Muhammed
AU - Iqbal, Naved
AU - Hashmat, Fahad
AU - Alam, Syed Vagas
AU - Saleem, Uzma
AU - Waheed, Shahan
AU - Bansari, Lajpat
AU - Shah, Nabi
AU - Samuel, Maria
AU - Yameen, Madiha
AU - Naz, Sobia
AU - Khan, Farrukh
AU - Ahmed, Naveeduddin
AU - Mahmood, Khalid
AU - Sheikh, Niaz
AU - Makki, Karim U.
AU - Ahmed, Muhammad Masroor
AU - Memon, Abdul Rauf
AU - Wasay, Mohammad
AU - Syed, Nadir Ali
AU - Khealani, Bhojo
AU - Frossard, Philippe M.
AU - Saleheen, Danish
N1 - Funding Information:
AKK was also the recipient of a seed money grant from the University Research Council, Aga Khan University Hospital to initiate exploratory work.
Funding Information:
The KISS project was funded by a grant awarded to AKK (PI) and PMF (Co I) by the Higher Education Commission of the Government of Pakistan.
PY - 2009/7/15
Y1 - 2009/7/15
N2 - Background: Intracranial stenosis is the most common cause of stroke among Asians. It has a poor prognosis with a high rate of recurrence. No effective medical or surgical treatment modality has been developed for the treatment of stroke due to intracranial stenosis. We aim to identify risk factors and biomarkers for intracranial stenosis and to develop techniques such as use of transcranial doppler to help diagnose intracranial stenosis in a cost-effective manner. Methods/Design: The Karachi Intracranial Stenosis Study (KISS) is a prospective, observational, case-control study to describe the clinical features and determine the risk factors of patients with stroke due to intracranial stenosis and compare them to those with stroke due to other etiologies as well as to unaffected individuals. We plan to recruit 200 patients with stroke due to intracranial stenosis and two control groups each of 150 matched individuals. The first set of controls will include patients with ischemic stroke that is due to other atherosclerotic mechanisms specifically lacunar and cardioembolic strokes. The second group will consist of stroke free individuals. Standardized interviews will be conducted to determine demographic, medical, social, and behavioral variables along with baseline medications. Mandatory procedures for inclusion in the study are clinical confirmation of stroke by a healthcare professional within 72 hours of onset, 12 lead electrocardiogram, and neuroimaging. In addition, lipid profile, serum glucose, creatinine and HbA1C will be measured in all participants. Ancillary tests will include carotid ultrasound, transcranial doppler and magnetic resonance or computed tomography angiogram to rule out concurrent carotid disease. Echocardiogram and other additional investigations will be performed at these centers at the discretion of the regional physicians. Discussion: The results of this study will help inform locally relevant clinical guidelines and effective public health and individual interventions.
AB - Background: Intracranial stenosis is the most common cause of stroke among Asians. It has a poor prognosis with a high rate of recurrence. No effective medical or surgical treatment modality has been developed for the treatment of stroke due to intracranial stenosis. We aim to identify risk factors and biomarkers for intracranial stenosis and to develop techniques such as use of transcranial doppler to help diagnose intracranial stenosis in a cost-effective manner. Methods/Design: The Karachi Intracranial Stenosis Study (KISS) is a prospective, observational, case-control study to describe the clinical features and determine the risk factors of patients with stroke due to intracranial stenosis and compare them to those with stroke due to other etiologies as well as to unaffected individuals. We plan to recruit 200 patients with stroke due to intracranial stenosis and two control groups each of 150 matched individuals. The first set of controls will include patients with ischemic stroke that is due to other atherosclerotic mechanisms specifically lacunar and cardioembolic strokes. The second group will consist of stroke free individuals. Standardized interviews will be conducted to determine demographic, medical, social, and behavioral variables along with baseline medications. Mandatory procedures for inclusion in the study are clinical confirmation of stroke by a healthcare professional within 72 hours of onset, 12 lead electrocardiogram, and neuroimaging. In addition, lipid profile, serum glucose, creatinine and HbA1C will be measured in all participants. Ancillary tests will include carotid ultrasound, transcranial doppler and magnetic resonance or computed tomography angiogram to rule out concurrent carotid disease. Echocardiogram and other additional investigations will be performed at these centers at the discretion of the regional physicians. Discussion: The results of this study will help inform locally relevant clinical guidelines and effective public health and individual interventions.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=68349132072&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/1471-2377-9-31
DO - 10.1186/1471-2377-9-31
M3 - Article
C2 - 19604359
AN - SCOPUS:68349132072
SN - 1471-2377
VL - 9
JO - BMC Neurology
JF - BMC Neurology
M1 - 31
ER -
