TY - JOUR
T1 - Treatment response to iron and folic acid alone is the same as with multivitamins and/or anthelminthics in severely anemic 6- to 24-month-old children
AU - Bhutta, Zulfiqar
AU - Klemm, Rolf
AU - Shahid, Farhana
AU - Rizvi, Arjumand
AU - Jee, Hyuan Rah
AU - Christian, Parul
PY - 2009/8
Y1 - 2009/8
N2 - We assessed the effectiveness of iron+folic acid for the treatment of severe anemia [hemoglobin (Hb) <70 g/L] and the efficacy of added multivitamins and/or anthelminthics among children aged 6-24 mo in periurban Karachi, Pakistan. The study design was a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of currently recommended daily iron (25 mg) and folic acid (100 μg) for 90 d with daily multivitamins [vitamin A (300 μg, as retinol palmitate), vitamin E (6 mg tocopherol equivalents), vitamin B-12 (0.9 μg), vitamin C (15 mg), riboflavin (0.5 mg)] and/or anthelminthics (100 mg mebendazole twice daily for 3 d) compared with placebos. Treatment response was defined as reaching a Hb concentration ≥100 g/L at the end of 90 d. The prevalence of severe anemia in the 9518 children screened was 5.7% and a total of 462 severely anemic children were enrolled in the study. Adherence to treatment was ~70% for iron+folic acid, ∼80% for multivitamins, and almost 100% for mebendazole. Children receiving iron+folic acid alone had a response rate of 38.7% at 90 d. The additional treatment with mebendazole or multivitamins did not significantly improve cure rates or change the Hb concentration over and above iron+folic acid treatment alone. Adherence to iron+folic acid of higher than the median resulted in a better treatment response rate of 50%. High-dose daily iron+folic acid performed as well as iron+folic acid with anthelminthics and multivitamins in the treatment of severe anemia in this setting. Higher adherence may be important in enhancing treatment impact.
AB - We assessed the effectiveness of iron+folic acid for the treatment of severe anemia [hemoglobin (Hb) <70 g/L] and the efficacy of added multivitamins and/or anthelminthics among children aged 6-24 mo in periurban Karachi, Pakistan. The study design was a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of currently recommended daily iron (25 mg) and folic acid (100 μg) for 90 d with daily multivitamins [vitamin A (300 μg, as retinol palmitate), vitamin E (6 mg tocopherol equivalents), vitamin B-12 (0.9 μg), vitamin C (15 mg), riboflavin (0.5 mg)] and/or anthelminthics (100 mg mebendazole twice daily for 3 d) compared with placebos. Treatment response was defined as reaching a Hb concentration ≥100 g/L at the end of 90 d. The prevalence of severe anemia in the 9518 children screened was 5.7% and a total of 462 severely anemic children were enrolled in the study. Adherence to treatment was ~70% for iron+folic acid, ∼80% for multivitamins, and almost 100% for mebendazole. Children receiving iron+folic acid alone had a response rate of 38.7% at 90 d. The additional treatment with mebendazole or multivitamins did not significantly improve cure rates or change the Hb concentration over and above iron+folic acid treatment alone. Adherence to iron+folic acid of higher than the median resulted in a better treatment response rate of 50%. High-dose daily iron+folic acid performed as well as iron+folic acid with anthelminthics and multivitamins in the treatment of severe anemia in this setting. Higher adherence may be important in enhancing treatment impact.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67749101852&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3945/jn.108.103507
DO - 10.3945/jn.108.103507
M3 - Article
C2 - 19535425
AN - SCOPUS:67749101852
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 139
SP - 1568
EP - 1574
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 8
ER -