TY - JOUR
T1 - Typhoid vaccine introduction
T2 - An evidence-based pilot implementation project in Nepal and Pakistan
AU - Khan, M. Imran
AU - Pach, Alfred
AU - Khan, Ghulam Mustafa
AU - Bajracharya, Deepak
AU - Sahastrabuddhe, Sushant
AU - Bhutta, Waqaas
AU - Tahir, Rehman
AU - Soofi, Sajid
AU - Thapa, Chandra B.
AU - Joshi, Nilesh
AU - Puri, Mahesh K.
AU - Shrestha, Parisha
AU - Upreti, Shyam Raj
AU - Clemens, John D.
AU - Bhutta, Zulfiqar
AU - Ochiai, R. Leon
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015.
PY - 2015/6/19
Y1 - 2015/6/19
N2 - The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 recommended the use of currently licensed typhoid vaccines using a high risk or targeted approach. The epidemiology of disease and the vaccine characteristics make school-based vaccination most feasible in reducing typhoid disease burden in many settings. To assess feasibility of school-based typhoid vaccination, two districts in Kathmandu, Nepal and two towns in Karachi, Pakistan were selected for pilot program. Vaccination campaigns were conducted through the departments of health and in partnerships with not-for-profit organizations. In total 257,015 doses of Vi polysaccharide vaccine were given to students in grades 1-10 of participating schools. The vaccination coverage ranged from 39 percent (38,389/99,503) in Gulshan town in Karachi, to 81 percent (62,615/77,341) in Bhaktapur in Kathmandu valley. No serious adverse event was reported post vaccination. The coverage increased for vaccination of the second district in Pakistan as well as in Nepal. There was an initial concern of vaccine safety. However, as the campaign progressed, parents were more comfortable with vaccinating their children in schools. Supported and conducted by departments of health in Pakistan and Nepal, a school-based typhoid vaccination was found to be safe and feasible.
AB - The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 recommended the use of currently licensed typhoid vaccines using a high risk or targeted approach. The epidemiology of disease and the vaccine characteristics make school-based vaccination most feasible in reducing typhoid disease burden in many settings. To assess feasibility of school-based typhoid vaccination, two districts in Kathmandu, Nepal and two towns in Karachi, Pakistan were selected for pilot program. Vaccination campaigns were conducted through the departments of health and in partnerships with not-for-profit organizations. In total 257,015 doses of Vi polysaccharide vaccine were given to students in grades 1-10 of participating schools. The vaccination coverage ranged from 39 percent (38,389/99,503) in Gulshan town in Karachi, to 81 percent (62,615/77,341) in Bhaktapur in Kathmandu valley. No serious adverse event was reported post vaccination. The coverage increased for vaccination of the second district in Pakistan as well as in Nepal. There was an initial concern of vaccine safety. However, as the campaign progressed, parents were more comfortable with vaccinating their children in schools. Supported and conducted by departments of health in Pakistan and Nepal, a school-based typhoid vaccination was found to be safe and feasible.
KW - Asia
KW - Enteric fever
KW - Nepal
KW - Pakistan
KW - Typhoid
KW - Vaccination campaign
KW - Vi polysaccharides vaccine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84930824327&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.03.087
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.03.087
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25937612
AN - SCOPUS:84930824327
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 33
SP - C62-C67
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - S3
ER -