Vitamin D status and its relationship with oxidative stress markers in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome

To compare the effect of vitamin D treatment on total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) in infertile females with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were studied. It was a case-control study involving a total of 180 participants; 114 (63 %) PCOS and 66 (37 %) non-PCOS infertile female subjects from 2020-2022. Study participants received a single injection of vitamin D cholecalciferol (300,000 IU) once in the study period. Serum levels of vitamin D, AMH, TAOC and PON1 were determined before and after treatment. The quantitative variables were calculated by means and standard error of the mean (SE), compared by paired t test; significance at p<0.05. The mean age was comparable in both groups whereas the body mass index (BMI) of PCOS females was higher (p<0.001). Vitamin D and AMH were significantly low in PCOS vs. non-PCOS females (p<0.001). TAOC and PON1 mean levels in both groups were comparable. The biomarker levels improved in both groups after vitamin D treatment more in PCOS females (p<0.001). Vitamin D elicited improvement of oxidative stress in infertile females with and without PCOS, however, the dominant and significant role in PCOS is the one highlighted in our study.