Who protects the children and women of Sudan?

Since April 15, 2023, civil war in Sudan has created a rapidly escalating humanitarian emergency, with more than 30·4 million people requiring assistance. This Health Policy synthesises emerging evidence on the conflict's particular impact on children and women and focuses on grave violations against children in times of war, including killing and maiming, recruitment of children, sexual violence, abduction, attacks on schools and hospitals, and the denial of humanitarian access. Drawing from peer-reviewed studies, UN reports, and humanitarian field data, we highlight the scale and severity of these violations and the urgent need for a coordinated, child-centred, and gender-centred humanitarian response to ensure long-term recovery and accountability. Without an immediate end to violence, this conflict threatens the survival, development, and dignity of an entire generation in Sudan.